Statistical data and public health policies that affect maternal mortality in pregnant women between the ages of 15 to 49 years in the department of Guainía compared with the department of Antioquia in the period of 2018. Cifras estadísticas y políticas de salud pública que inciden en la mortalidad materna en gestantes entre las edades de 15 a 49 años en el departamento de Guainía comparado con el departamento de Antioquia en el periodo de 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: The high maternal mortality in Colombia causes concern, therefore it is important to address the statistics, causes, public health policies and health determinants associated with this phenomenon.

Objective: To identify the statistical figures and public health policies that affect maternal mortality in pregnant women between the ages of 15 to 49 years comparing the departments of Guainía and Antioquia in 2018.

Methodology: Ecological descriptive observational study. Including pregnant population between 15 and 49 years of age, from the departments of Guainía and Antioquia. Information from national statistical sources (DANE) tabulated in Excel 2.0, and national databases with medical and scientific publications were analyzed. A bibliographic review of the public health policies of the studied departments was carried out.

Results: In the year 2018, the highest peak of deaths was presented in the department of Guainía with a Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of 328.95 per 100,000 live births. In the department of Antioquia, there is a slight increase from the previous year with 48 deaths and MMR of 64.98 per 100,000 live births. The main causes in both departments were: hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, complications of labor and complications in the puerperium. The public health policies implemented in Guainía met the goal of reducing the MMR to less than 331.85 per 100,000 live births, achieving 328.95 per 100,000 live births in 2018, but focusing only on family planning, which ratifies the need to take strategies such Antioquia that focus public health on care training, prenatal control and effective transportation, maintaining the reduction of the trend of their statistical figures in the last 4 years.

Conclusion: The MMR is lower in the department of Antioquia compared to that of Guainía, however, these two share the main causes of maternal mortality. Which favors the formulation of new public policies in Guainía following those carried out in Antioquia that were more effective, relying for this purpose on the particular social determinants of each department.